Isolation and sensitivity of bacteria from Virginia discharge to antibiotics

Abstract

Vaginal discharge in women is sometimes caused by candida or aerobic bacteria organisms like E. coli, staphylococcus aureus, and β- haemolytic streptococcus. Culture and sensitivity testing are done from high vaginal swab (HVS) specimen collected from women who come to the clinic complaining of vaginal discharge. Isolation and antibiotic sensitivity of these organisms are key to the successful treatment of the cause of vaginal discharge. This study tends to evaluate ISOLATION AND SENSITIVITY OF BACTERIA ISOLATE FROM VAGINAL DISCHARGE TO ANTIBIOTICS. This is a 3-year retrospective study conducted in the Public Health laboratory of government Hospital. Records of HVS culture and sensitivity results for 2010-2020 were retrieved and reviewed. A total of 3783 culture and sensitivity results were reviewed. 1483 yielded no growth of pathogenic organisms. Candida species were the predominant microbial organism, 63.2% (1455/2300). Bacteria identified were mostly the aerobic types (845); with Escherichia coli being predominant, 29.9% (235/845), while Morganella morgani was the least bacteria, 0.2% (2/845). Adult women (20-50) had the most pathogens isolated from them, with 79.9% of candida (1047/1455) and 71.2% of the aerobic bacteria (602/845). The least organism isolated was seen in the elderly and children, with 6.3% (92/1455) of candida, 9.7% (82/845) of aerobic bacteria and 6.9% (101/1455) of candida and 8.04% (68/845) of aerobic bacteria respectively. The cephalosporins showed the best antibiotic sensitivity. Candida spp. and aerobic bacteria were the predominant microbial organisms identified from HVS results in the Nigeria rural Metropolis. Proper laboratory diagnosis to identify causative organisms is vital for optimal therapeutic outcome.

ABSTRACT

The given information consists of three tables that outline the objectives, variables, and methods for a research project on optimizing anaerobic digestion for energy production. Table 1 describes the optimization of cow dung and chicken droppings for maximum energy production via co-digestion with lemon grass, using statistical analysis to identify the optimal ratio of feedstocks. Table 2 presents the variables to be tested and the method/approach used to evaluate the technical performance of anaerobic digestion of cow dung and food waste, as well as their co-digestion with lemon grass as biomass feed material. Table 3 outlines the variables to be tested and the method/approach used to utilize biogas digesters for the digestion of cow dung and food waste, monitoring the digestion efficiency, biogas yield, and methane content. The research aims to provide insights into the technical performance of anaerobic digestion and optimize the biogas production process for increased efficiency and sustainability.

1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY

Biogas is a renewable energy source produced from the anaerobic digestion of organic matter. It is a mixture of methane, carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of other gases. Biogas can be used for cooking, heating, and electricity generation. The production of biogas from cow dung and food waste is gaining popularity due to its potential to mitigate environmental problems, such as greenhouse gas emissions and waste management issues. This essay will discuss the production of biogas using cow dung and food waste and its benefits. Cow dung and food waste are both rich in organic matter and can be used as feedstock for biogas production. The anaerobic digestion process involves the breakdown of organic matter by microorganisms in the absence of oxygen.

Effect of ethanol extract of annona muricata leaves on alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activity of albino rats