Microbial (fungi) analysis of waste fish pond water THESIS
CHAPTER ONE
Fish farming is the principal form of aquaculture which involves raising fish commercially in ponds or tanks or enclosures, usually for food. There is an increasing demand for fish and fish protein, which has resulted in widespread overfishing in wild fisheries hence fish farming has offered fish marketers another source (Hastein et al., 2006). Over the past three decades, aquaculture has developed to become the fastest growing food-producing sector in the world (Hastein et al., 2006). A large proportion of fish products come from small-scale producers in developing countries or low income countries. More than 80 % of global aquaculture products are produced in fresh water (Hastein et al., 2006). From its early development in Asia, aquaculture has undergone huge development and is today highly diversified (Hastein et al., 2006).
Aquaculture consists of a broad spectrum of systems, from small ponds to large-scale, highly intensified commercial systems. The target of every farmer is to produce a wholesome fish of high quality and aesthetically pleasing to the eyes with high yield and economic value towards profit maximization. This therefore involves every means to increase yield by fertilizing the ponds that have low natural food productivity with organic manure to stimulate and improve the primary and natural food production (Ampofo and Clerk, 2010). Although organic manure play greater role in fish pond production, the potential health hazard associated with it should not be under estimated. Since fish are cold-blooded, every aspect of their physiology is controlled by temperature, which constitute to the infection of fish.
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