The harvesting and collection of materials used in herbal medicine is done in accordance with geographical locations, the seasons, and the targeted morphological parts of the plants. After being collected, the materials are then air dried in the shade before being broken down into their component parts.
To hasten the drying process, more resilient materials like barks and roots are fragmented and chopped into smaller pieces. After the materials have been dried, they are ground into fine particles using a mortar and pestle or commercial mills (Chege et al., 2015), sieved to remove undesired big materials, and then formed into the products that are desired (Azwanida, 2015). These items could come in the form of tinctures, infusions, macerations, poultices, or compresses. Decoctions, poultices, and compresses are other possibilities.
The use of appropriate solvents, such as water, alcohols, and halogenated solvents, is required for the extraction of actives from herbal materials (WHO, 2007; Ola et al., 2013). After that, the extract can be separated, purified, and concentrated according to requirements. Products incorporating synthetic chemicals and extracted elements from medicinal plants are not assessed to be herbal (WHO, 1996). (WHO, 1996). It has been demonstrated that the cultivation circumstances as well as the processing conditions have an effect on the active principles that are included within plant extracts (Generali et al., 2012).
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