Organogram of Nigerian Civil Service Comission

The institutional setting in which the various components of the Nigerian civil service are housed is referred to as the organogram of the Nigerian civil service. This comprises the geographical size, population, the tier structure, and the organizational component that focuses on the decision making organ such as the ministeries and departments.

Organogram of Nigerian Civil Service Comission

List of ministries in Nigeria Civil Service

  • The Ministry of Agriculture
  • The Ministry of Aviation; the Ministry of Defence
  • The Ministry of Education
  • The Ministry of Energy
  • The Ministry of Environment
  • The Ministry of Federal Capital Territory
  • The Ministry of Finance
  • The Ministry of Foreign Affairs
  • The Ministry of Health
  • The Ministry of Information
  • The Ministry of Interior
  • The Ministry of Justice
  • The Ministry of Labour and Productivity
  • The Ministry of Lands & Urban Development
  • The Ministry of Mines and Steel Development
  • The Ministry of Niger Delta
  • The Ministry of Petroleum Resources
  • The Ministry of Power
  • The Ministry of Science & Technology
  • The Ministry of Trade and Investment
  • The Ministry of Transportation
  • The Ministry of Tourism, Culture & National Orientation
  • The Ministry of Water
  • The Ministry of Women Affairs; the Ministry of Works
  • The Ministry of Youth Development.
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How to Successfully Convert Your House into a Rental Property in United Kingdom

There are numerous advantages to renting out your home. Perhaps your property has been on the market for quite some time, and you’ve concluded that you won’t be able to sell it for enough money to make a profit or you were willed a home and you don’t want to sell, the alternative to consider here is becoming one of the numerous property owners who desire to augment their revenue by renting out their properties.

Whatever the case may be, you must first get your social and financial affairs in order. In this article, you will learn what measures you should take before beginning your journey to converting your property to a rental.

1. Get Insured

If you rent out your home, a standard homeowner’s insurance plan will not be enough because you have some degree of accountability for the well-being of the people on your property. If an accident occurred on the property harming them, such as an explosion and you bought the house just to rent it out, how will you handle hospital bills and repairs to the house? In this case, you would have to pay for all these out of pocket if you didn’t have financial protection, which is not cheap.

This is why it is critical to get insurance coverage that is landlord-specific, which is a combination of assets and culpability insurance. Property insurance protects the home, as well as other aspects of the property such as fencing and personal belongings, from harm or destruction.

Meanwhile, if you are judged accountable for accidents experienced by others on your property, the liability section of your policy covers you from financial losses such as medical expenses and court fees.

1.2 Obtain the Necessary Licences

Dwellings that are used as rentals in many towns necessitate permission. Because permitting regulations differ by the municipality, it is advisable to check with the mayor’s office to determine if you need one, because the permit’s objective is to ensure your protection.

Often, a local government inspector may check the house for numerous safety threats, such as lighting, thermal, and proper exit points from the home, as well as other public safety problems. The inspector makes recommendations to you and tells you of any adjustments, additions, or renovations that must be made in order for the property to be operational. These licenses aren’t pricey, but they’re required if you want to turn your house into a rental.

1.3 Upgrading and Fixing

To render your property more attractive and enticing to prospective renters, you may have to make modifications and/or improvements, just as you would if you were selling it.

Ensuring it’s pristine and newly painted is the simplest and most cost-effective option as well as replacing everything that appears to be out of date if the expense is not prohibitive. Note that the expenses of the enhancements must be factored into your rental prices, so don’t spend too much on the renovation.

1.4 Deciding Your Rent Price

It’s a smart option to sit down and crunch some numbers before putting your rental on the market. Make a note of all the expenses incurred with the house, including your housing loan, property taxes, utility services, and any renovations you have done.

Don’t forget to factor in your projections for any upkeep, repairs, or other costs you will incur while the property is occupied, then calculate how much of a monthly income you’d like to see. When you’ve decided on a rental fee, look around the neighborhood for other properties that are similar to yours, they will give you an idea of how attractive your price will be in comparison to the rates offered by other landlords in the area.

1.5 Be Abreast With the Housing Regulation Before Listing

Make sure you are familiar with Fair Housing Regulations before you start looking for tenants. These rules were enacted to make it illegal to discriminate against tenants due to their gender or race.

In reality, they are continually changing and becoming more complex. These laws will educate you on how to market your home and will walk you across your landlord duties. Also, you may be able to obtain the necessary papers, such as applications, legal papers, and leasing agreements online but if you plan to draft your own documents, you may require the assistance of a professional solicitor.

It can be difficult to find a suitable potential renter, even if you were legally entitled to evaluate them purely based on your instincts, you will find that there is no such thing as a perfect renter, and that gut instincts are frequently incorrect. However, you should always ask for referrals and follow up with them, as well as do a credit analysis on any prospects.

1.6 League of Property Managers

Enlist a real estate management company to help you if your property is far from where you live and you don’t want the hassles of being a landlord. An estate manager will be responsible for all documentation, renovations, rent collection, and tenant communication, charging you approximately 10% of your earnings.

Property management agencies can also help you with the legal aspects of the eviction proceedings. Evicting a tenant is a legal procedure that takes a long time and a lot of money. Despite the fact that landlords have little control over their tenants’ behavior, it’s highly recommended to resist eviction because it takes time and money, not to mention the risk of property damage from irrational renters.

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LITERATURE REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK ON MATERIAL MANAGEMENT ON BUILDING PROJECT

Material management consist of a series of processes that need to be integrated, coordinated and synchronized well to ensure that material are available at their point of use when needed. Material management process begins from need generated from site followed by this information conveyed to store department and material is ordered in the store, indent is generated. Usually vender selection is to be carried out for the least value and best items. Materials are received at store departments and inspection is carried out. Below in Figure 2 is a material management process flow chart (source from Patil & Pataskar, 2013).

 Planning

Material planning is the initial process that needs to be carried out accurately in order to provide guide to all the subsequent activities. According to Gulghane & Khandve (2015) material planning includes quantifying, ordering and scheduling. The materials planning process covers the set up maintenance of records and determines the target levels and delivery frequency. Adopting a good material management plan can increase productivity and profit. Hence, it can help to increase the success of project delivery (Kasim, et al., 2005).

Testing

Quality is a prime factor to measure the performance of a project. Quality assurance of building materials is vital in order to create strong durable and cost effective structures (Savitha, n.d.). Each construction project has a different set of specification and requirements. The contractors are required to select and procure suitable construction materials so that they can meet the contract specification. Unless a specific brand and model number is stated, it is advisable to conduct thorough study and analysis of the different material properties to check for its compatibility in the different zones of the building. The materials are only ordered after receiving approval (Low & Ong, 2014). Proper assessment of the various materials is important to ensure quality and durability of the final product.

Procurement 

Procurement is not only about appointing contractors and preparing contract, but is also very much a starting point in the process of delivery (Mead & Gruneberg, 2013).

Activities included in the procurement process range from purchasing of equipment, materials, labour and services required for construction and implementation of a project (Kasim, et al., 2005). Another author has defined procurement as identifying and analysing user requirements and type of purchase, selecting suppliers, negotiating contracts, acting as liaison between the supplier and the user, and evaluating and forging strategic alliances with suppliers. For many organizations, materials and components purchased from outside vendors represent a substantial portion of the cost of the end product, and hence effective procurement can significantly enhance the competitive advantage of a project (Morris & Pinto, 2007). Many authors have suggested that choosing best option of procurement can help to reduce the impact of uncertainties such as late deliveries, substandard raw material qualities, resource constraints and so on (Morris & Pinto, 2007). Therefore to successfully deliver a project it is not about adopting a procurement system with best practice tactic to fix all problems, but to embrace an approach that has the best-fit tactic that gets the job done most efficiently (Keith, et al., 2016).

 Logistics 

Logistic is defined as concept that includes movement and it may encompass planning implementing and controlling flow and storage of all goods from raw materials to the finished product to meet customer requirements (Kasim, et al., 2005). For smoothly handling the materials, space need to be carefully allocated for material handling equipment, access roads, warehouses, workshop, and laydown materials in the construction site (Pellicer, et al., 2013). Planning these tasks accurately can help to formulate an efficient construction site layout that can provide easy access and routing of materials within the construction site. Moreover introducing slopes in the construction site can ease the circulation of materials because of the gravity effect. To control access and to increase the security of the site, setup wall or fence can be considered as a requirement for the construction site. Optimum forecasting for material movement (Mahdjoubi & Yang, 2001) and planning of access and routing of materials within construction site (Faniran & Caban, 1998) are factors that need to be taken consideration during logistics process for effective material management.

Handling

Various materials posses’ different features and properties, that makes the handling of materials critical. Effective material handling involves handling, storing and controlling of construction material (Kasim, et al., 2005). Proper protection during storage is often ignored, and this can result poor material quality or material deterioration. Moreover it is also advised that transportation, loading and unloading of material should not be conducted in the rain. It is also recommended that the storage area needs to be enclosed, clean and dry with good air circulation and for some materials need to be stacked on pallets, not more than a certain safe height to prevent dampness and so on (Low & Ong, 2014). By adopting proper material handling and storage will help to keep the material intact and in good quality. And also will reduce loss of profit due to theft, damage and wastage as well as running out of stock (Kasim, et al., 2005).

Stock and waste control 

Material waste is a significant factor in construction cost, Calkins (2009) states material waste is 9% by weight in the Dutch construction industry and 20-30% of purchased materials in the Brazilian construction industry. Material wastes are caused by several sources such as design, procurement, material handling, and operation and so on. Shen et al. (2003) defined building material wastages as the difference between the value of materials delivered and accepted on site. Moreover material waste has been recognized as a major problem in the construction industry and it can also implicate inefficiency in project delivery. Adopting a proper stock control will help to increase the productivity and also can be one of the way to improve waste control in the construction site. By introducing minimizing strategies to reuse materials in both design and construction phase can be a mean to reduce waste (Dainty & Brooke, 2004).

Some authors simplify these stages into distinctive phases. As a matter of fact one of the research done by Manteau (2007) on the material management practices in Ghana explains that the current material management phases in Ghanaian construction industry are bidding phase, sourcing phase, material procurement phase, construction phase and post construction phase. A study conducted in India by Patel & Vyas (2011) has summarized the material management processes into 8 main parts. They were planning, benchmarking, purchasing, receiving, inspection, storage, issuing material and inventory control.

Therefore it is very evident that in various countries these processes are carried out in different ways. There can be many factors that might influence these processes such as culture, work environment, belief and so on. Moreover different groups have learnt to deal with uncertainty in different ways, often because they find themselves faced with different levels of uncertainty. Adams (1965) writes of ‘risk thermostat’ in relation to individuals’ ability to deal with and be comfortable when exposed to risk. Therefore already established material management processes that are being practiced by other countries can be used to identify the processes that are being practiced and those that are neglected in the Nigeria construction industry.

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Business Administration and Management Project Topics and Materials Pdf Free Download

Business administration and management is a wide field that incorporates many types of management positions. From major corporations to independent businesses, every operation needs skilled administrators in order to succeed.

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